Autumn Planting Guide on Garlic Farming

Garlic farming is a growing industry in the United Kingdom because of the numerous benefits it provides. As autumn approaches, we advise farmers to plant garlic on their farmlands. Garlic thrives well and produces more bulbs in the autumn than in other seasons. Garlic is easy to grow, does not take up much space, and requires low maintenance.

How do you grow garlic to ensure a successful harvest? Read our carefully curated planting guide below to learn more.

Acquiring quality garlic sets from a licensed seller or farmer is the first step to planting. This step increases the chances of reaping a bountiful harvest. There are several varieties of garlic, but they can be classified into two major groups.

1. Softneck Varieties: Softneck garlic varieties are best preferred in the UK because they thrive well in the climate in comparison to other varieties. Their bulbs can be stored for longer periods unlike the hardneck varieties. Some of the best and most popular softneck varieties suitable for planting include Wight Cristo, Solent Wight, Picardy Wight, and Germidour.
2. Hardneck Varieties: Hardneck garlic produces flower stalks that are edible and can be used in condiments, spices, stir-fries, and salads. They are a wonderful choice for farmers interested in harvesting the flower stems with bulbs. The most popular varieties include Elephant Garlic, Carcassonne Wight, and Extra Early Wight.

When Is the Best Time to Plant?

The best time to plant garlic in the UK is between (late) September and November. To be safe, we advise farmers to plant before Christmas to get excellent results. Timing is important when planting garlic because it gives the roots time to get a firm grip before the winter frost arrives.

How to Plant Garlic

1. Garlic bulbs thrive better in rich soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.5. The soil should be loose and lightweight to allow the roots to penetrate easily, which will aid the absorption of nutrients. Loosened soil promotes water drainage and prevents water logging, traits which are not favourable for garlic growth. Organic fertilizer or compost manure made from poultry or cow manure can be used to increase the nutrient composition of the soil.
2. Split the garlic bulbs into individual cloves and plant each 2.5 cm to 5 cm deep beneath the surface, but ensure the pointed ends are facing up. The distance from one clove to another should be at least 10 to 15 cm apart, while there should be at least a 30 cm gap between several rows of garlic.
3. After planting, water the cloves to prevent them from drying out. Garlic doesn’t thrive well in waterlogged soil, so avoid overwatering as it leads to poor root development, root rot, and nutrient leaching.

When to Harvest Garlic

Garlic planted in autumn should be ready for harvest between June and August. By this time, the lower leaves would be withered and yellow. When harvesting, handle the garlic bulbs carefully to prolong their shelf life. Before storage, place the garlic bulbs in a cool and dry place devoid of moisture, and brush off any dry soil lingering on the bulbs. If stored in excellent condition, these bulbs can have a shelf life of at least three months.

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Conclusion

Garlic farming is a rewarding agricultural venture for large and small-scale farmers. Garlic is easy to plant and does not require a large expanse of land. Farmers should seize this opportunity and incorporate garlic farming into their agricultural practices.